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【Lilou Chapter II】\n\nMencius said: Shun was born in Zhufeng, moved to Fuxia, and died in Mingtiao—a man of the Eastern Yi tribes. King Wen was born in Qizhou and died in Biying—a man of the Western Yi tribes. The distance between their lands was more than a thousand li, and the time between their eras was more than a thousand years. Yet when they realized their ambitions and practiced their ways in the Central Kingdoms, their actions matched like the two halves of a tally. The earlier sage and the later sage, their principles were one and the same.\nZichan, in administering the government of the state of Zheng, would use his own carriage to ferry people across the Zhen and Wei rivers. Mencius said: "This shows kindness but ignorance of governance. By the eleventh month, footbridges are completed; by the twelfth month, carriage bridges are finished. The people are not troubled by crossing. A gentleman, when his governance is equitable, may have his path cleared as he travels—how can he ferry every single person across? Thus, if a ruler tries to please each individual, his days would not suffice."\nMencius said to King Xuan of Qi: "If a ruler regards his ministers as his hands and feet, then the ministers will regard him as their heart and mind. If a ruler regards his ministers as dogs and horses, then the ministers will regard him as a mere fellow countryman. If a ruler regards his ministers as dirt and grass, then the ministers will regard him as a bandit and an enemy."\nThe King said: "According to ritual, there is mourning prescribed for a former ruler. Under what circumstances should one observe mourning for him?"\nMencius replied: "When remonstrances are heeded and advice is followed, so that benefits flow down to the people; when a minister leaves for a reason, the ruler sends someone to guide him out of the borders and makes arrangements ahead at his destination; and if he does not return after three years, only then does the ruler reclaim his fields and residence—this is called the threefold courtesy. In such a case, mourning is observed. But nowadays, when a minister's remonstrances are not implemented and his words are not heeded, so that benefits do not reach the people; when he leaves for a reason, the ruler seizes and detains him, and does his utmost to hinder him at his destination; and on the very day he leaves, his fields and residence are confiscated—this is called treating him as a bandit and enemy. What mourning is there for a bandit and enemy?"\nMencius said: "If scholars are killed without crime, then the high officials may leave. If the people are slaughtered without crime, then the scholars may move away."\nMencius said: "If the ruler is benevolent, none will be unbenevolent. If the ruler is righteous, none will be unrighteous."\nMencius said: "The great man does not practice rituals that are not truly ritual, nor righteousness that is not truly righteous."\nMencius said: "The balanced nurture the unbalanced; the talented nurture the untalented. Therefore, people delight in having worthy fathers and elder brothers. If the balanced were to abandon the unbalanced, and the talented were to abandon the untalented, then the gap between the worthy and the unworthy would be less than an inch."\nMencius said: "A man must have what he will not do, before he can have what he will do."\nMencius said: "To speak of others' faults—what about the future troubles?"\nMencius said: "Confucius did not do things to excess!"\nMencius said: "The great man does not necessarily keep his word, nor necessarily accomplish his deeds; he only follows where righteousness lies."\nMencius said: "The great man is one who does not lose the heart of a newborn child."\nMencius said: "Nourishing the living is not enough to be considered a great affair; only sending off the dead can be considered a great affair."\nMencius said: "The gentleman advances deeply in the Way, desiring to acquire it for himself. Having acquired it for himself, he dwells in it peacefully. Dwelling in it peacefully, he draws from it deeply. Drawing from it deeply, he finds its source wherever he turns. Therefore, the gentleman desires to acquire it for himself."\nMencius said: "Learn broadly and explain in detail, so as to return to simplicity in speech."\nMencius said: "He who tries to subdue others with goodness has never been able to subdue them. He who nourishes others with goodness can then subdue the world. There has never been one who became king without winning the hearts of the world."\nMencius said: "Words without substance are inauspicious. The substance of inauspiciousness falls upon those who obstruct the worthy."\nXu Zi said: "Confucius repeatedly praised water, saying, 'Water! Oh, water!' What did he find in water?"\nMencius said: "Water from a spring gushes forth, never ceasing day or night. It fills the hollows and then moves on, until it reaches the four seas. Such is the nature of that which has a source. This is what he valued. If it were without a source, like the rain that collects in the seventh and eighth months, filling the ditches and channels, its drying up can be waited for standing. Therefore, a reputation that exceeds reality is a disgrace to the gentleman."\nMencius said: "That whereby man differs from the birds and beasts is but slight. The common people discard it, while the gentleman preserves it. Shun understood the nature of things and discerned human relations. He acted from benevolence and righteousness; he did not just perform acts of benevolence and righteousness."\n…